In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions.

Scholars will debate which interventions this time - the Federal Reserve's support of a failing credit system, guarantees of bank debt, Obama's ''stimulus" plan and bank "stress test" - counted most in preventing a recurrence.

When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities.

For this reason, community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically beneficial but also help to stimulate the adolescent's sense of worth.

The results highlight the need to develop effective early interventions to help those with attention on track academically and for educators to encourage positive peer relationships, the researchers said.