In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds, O'Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that should determine who we stay with and for how long.

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (陽剛), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype.

Researchers at Duke University scrutinized more than 160 published studies and found an absence of strong evidence that any of these approaches can make a big difference.

The absence of rigorous discipline.

Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of "real world" education—which means preparation for professional and scientific careers.

Its clean air, attractive parks, and the absence of any industry, make this an ideal spot for people looking for a quiet life.

Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago.

Dehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera.